Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

    Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a complex mental health condition that affects about 3% of the world’s population. It is characterized by recurrent and persistent thoughts (obsessions) that lead individuals to engage in excessive repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) – such as washing, checking or counting – as a way to relieve anxiety.

    Genetic variants linked to OCD often influence the functioning of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine and GABA, affecting communication between brain cells and therefore affecting mood, anxiety and behavior regulation.

    Serotonin is associated with well-being and is popularly called the ‘happy neurotransmitter’. Several aspects of the serotonin life cycle can be impaired – synthesis, response/sensitivity and metabolism – and create an imbalance. Low serotonin levels, due to SNPs or other factors, are a common biochemical feature of OCD patients. Another biochemical feature of OCD is high levels of dopamine and adrenaline. Disruption of GABA neurotransmission may contribute to many neurological disorders, including OCD. 

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