Zinc and type 2 diabetes

     Zinc is involved in the production (synthesis), storage and secretion of insulin by the pancreas. The pancreas has specialized cells known as beta cells that make insulin from a precursor molecule called proinsulin. Zinc helps stabilize proinsulin before it is converted to insulin. Once formed, insulin molecules are then stored in secretory vesicles within beta cells, ready to be released. Zinc plays a crucial role in condensing insulin molecules into crystals for storage in these secretory vesicles. When beta cells receive a signal to release insulin (for example, when blood glucose levels rise after eating a meal), secretory vesicles (also known as "insulin granules") fuse with the membrane and release insulin crystals. insulin in the bloodstream.

    Carriers of the risk allele in the rs13266634 polymorphism of the SLC30A8 gene have impaired zinc transport, which is why they may have zinc deficiency, leading to greater susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. Zinc supplementation can significantly reduce this impairment.

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