Dimethylglycine (DMG)

    The amino acid derivative dimethylglycine (DMG) is produced when betaine (trimethylglycine) donates a methyl group to homocysteine for re-methylation back to methionine. This methyl donation is mediated by the enzyme betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT). Elevations in DMG act as a negative feedback by inhibiting this enzymatic conversion.

    Clinically, DMG elevations may indicate an increase in activity of the BHMT “salvage-pathway.” Therefore, high DMG may reflect the need for additional folate, vitamin B₁₂, and zinc.

    DMG has been marketed safely as a nutritional supplement since 1974. It was used in the Soviet Union in the 1960’s as part of a formula to benefit athletic performance. Dietary sources include cereal grains, seeds, beans and liver. Intake and supplementation with DMG plays an important role in keeping Hcy levels stable and providing methyl donors.

    Because it contains two methyl groups for donation, therapeutic interventions with DMG have been successful in many conditions including autism, hyperlipidemia, chronic fatigue syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and cardiovascular disease.

LOW DIMETHYLGLYCINE (DMG)

•Decreased choline/betaine intake

• Malabsorption/maldigestion

• Zinc deficiency (cofactor BHMT)

HIGH DIMETHYLGLYCINE (DMG)

• Supplementation with DMG or Betaine

• BHMT SNP