What triggers neuroinflammation?

    There are several environmental and genetic factors that can trigger, exacerbate, and prolong neuroinflammation. These include certain genetic predispositions, ageing, traumatic brain injury, chronic physical and psychological stress, exposure to environmental toxins, viral infections, autoimmune disease, obesity, and metabolic conditions such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Gut inflammation is also associated with neuroinflammation.

    Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, instigate systemic inflammatory responses, ultimately triggering an inflammatory response in the CNS. Foods, sleep patterns, and physical activity also play a role in neuroinflammation.Prenatal stress and childhood trauma also affect the activity  of microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain.