Thyroid Antibodies
When these antibodies are present, it means that your imune system is attacking your own tissue. When your body produces thyroid autoantibodies it could create a hypo- or hyper- thyroid state.
They may also be elevated if
there is thyroid cancer. Some antibodies can attach to TSH receptors, but they
don’t cause aresponse in the thyroid.
These people will complain of low
thyroid symptoms, but the TSH might not change at all. In other cases, the
antibodies bind to receptor sites and cause the thyroid to be overactive. Here
you will see high T4, low TSH and high antibodies.
There are 3 autoantibodies that
are tested. The first 2 are the most common:
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody
(TPO Ab): This antibody is the one that is usually high in autoimmune
thyroid conditions like Hashimoto’s. It is also known as microsomal antibody.
Thyroglobulin Antibodies
(TgAb): These aren’t seen high as often as TPO Ab. They are usually ordered
when thyroid lab results seem strange because these antibodies can interfere
with thyroid hormone production. TgAb is also used to monitor progress after
surgery for removing the thyroid in thyroid cancer.
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