Nutrition Care Process of burn patients

 Major burns result in severe trauma. Energy requirements can increase as much as 100% above resting energy expenditure (REE), depending on the extent and depth of the injury. Exaggerated protein catabolism and increased urinary nitrogen excretion accompany this hypermetabolism. Protein is also lost through the burn wound exudate. Burn patients are particularly susceptible to infection, and this markedly increases their requirements for energy and protein. Because patients with major burns may develop an ileus and be anorexic, nutrition support therapy can be a real challenge. Children's healing after burns and trauma requires not only restoration of oxygen delivery and adequate calories to support metabolism and repair but also awareness of how children differ from adults in metabolic rate, growth requirements, and physiologic response.

Goals of nutritional support in critical burn patients include:

- Lean body mass must be maintained

- Prevent starvation and avoid establishment of specific nutrient deficiencies

- Hasten good wound healing

- Prevention, control of infections, and management of established infections

- Visceral and somatic protein loss must be restored

- Enteral and parenteral nutrition-related complications must be prevented

-  Stress response and complications must be attenuated or modulated with adequate and appropriate quantities of required nutrients

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