How to treat insomnia

Sleep is defined as a natural, periodic physiological requirement involving brain activity. Sleep quality is influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, psychological, and cultural factors. Getting a good night's sleep is essential for maintaining a healthy body.

Age Group | Recommended sleep hours per 24-hour period (including naps)

Infants (4–12 months) | 12–16 hours

1–2 years | 11–14 hours

3–5 years | 10–13 hours

6–12 years | 9–12 hours

13–18 years | 8–10 hours

Although sleep needs vary by individual, an average minimum of 8 hours of sleep per night is recommended to protect against excessive daytime sleepiness. 

Sleep deprivation has various effects: neurological and neurophysiological impacts; effects on performance requiring attention and concentration; and psychological effects (such as irritability and antisocial behavior).

It is important to highlight that the presence of chronic non-communicable diseases poses a significant risk for insomnia. It is estimated that approximately 75% to 90% of affected individuals have an increased risk of developing comorbidities associated with:

• Hypoxia;

• Dyspnea;

• Gastroesophageal reflux disorders;

• Restless legs syndrome;

• Neurodegenerative diseases.

In fact, about 40% of differences in people's chances of getting insomnia may be attributed to genetics.

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